حول

We did not use this study in the quantitative synthesis because the authors presented the same data in the study of Ouergui et al. . After reviewing the full text of 47 articles, 36 articles were excluded and the remaining 11 qualitative studies were included (Figure 1). The I2 measure of inconsistency was used to examine between-study variability; values of 25, 50 and 75% represent low, moderate and high statistical heterogeneity, respectively . The mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the included studies. Moderator and mediator variables whose hormonal concentrations changed were recorded when applicable. Twenty-seven items were used to determine the Methodological Quality Checklist of each study.
These data provide sufficient ground to conclude that there are no fundamental differences in the physical capacity among athletes from various combat sports. The requirements for sports with marking techniques, with karate and partly taekwondo being examples, are different than for a real physical contact fight (e.g., judo, kick-boxing, and wrestling). Characteristics of training and competition demands in distinguished groups of combat sports. The T-levels will increase after a physical challenge, but the results of that competition determines how high they are. The research on competitive judo has shown that testosterone levels positively correlate with competition dominance. This is supported by experimental studies and cross-sectional research showing positive associations between plasma Vitamin D and testosterone levels. The positive impact on testosterone and cortisol balance, as shown in a 2021 study, indicates that HIIT is not only time-efficient but also effective in improving hormonal health and physical capacity in middle-aged men.
The research involved 12 mixed martial arts athletes aged 25.8 ± 4.2 years competing in the intermediate category. The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. The arousal, however, was independent of the sports discipline, which requires further research. The index is subject to change during training and is also used to assess the degree of overtraining .
Understanding the hormonal response to muscle damage and the direction of these changes will allow for a more precise training process control (Philippou et al., 2017). The implementation of training loads, regardless of the sports discipline, leads to metabolic disruptions, which are potent stimuli causing hormonal changes. Salvador et al. have described anticipatory cortisol responses to competition and suggested that they are connected with the psychological preparation for competition, self-confidence, and motivation for success. These hormonal changes reflect the neuroendocrine adaptation to competition-related exercise as well as aggression level and cognitive functioning. We found a rise in the blood BDNF level following the fight, similar for all the combat sport disciplines studied. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate the effect of a short but very intense exercise during a combat sport fight on BDNF concentration.
In addition, previous studies suggest the possibility of an intriguing correlation between psychological and biological (i.e., hormonal responses) factors in response to competitive contests 9,24,40. However, some psychological variables (e.g., mental toughness, mood state) have been strongly linked with optimal performance and outcome in combat sports 10,48,49. Furthermore, psychobiological studies of martial arts can increase our understanding of the "power of mind" to modulate neurochemical responses.